This is my take on it.
Red - Yellow - White (Bluish White). Basically, this coincides with the age of the sun. Red is the youngest while white would be the oldest. Red in the color spectrum reaches the farthest as it has a longer wavelength as opposed to white which has shorter wavelengths. White may be stronger to the eyes but in terms of distance, it won't reach very far.
But you wouldn't choose red for foglights as there is little detail that is reflected back to you. The next logical choice would be yellow. =)
some may argue why HIDs get better clarity when used at night. Well, the problem is halogen is drowned out more easily by other "background/ambient" light. As you can notice when you drive by a street with working lightpost against those with none. Your headlights/foglights are not as visible/clear if you have other light sources.
When you compare against HID, it is not that your headlights/foglights are weak, but rather the HID is stronger and drowns out your light. Since all light you mostly get originates from the oncoming HID, you get little detail in your eyes as very little to none is reflected back to your eyes from your own lights. This usually happens when the oncoming party doesn't use OEMs.
Hope that helps. Cheers!